VACCINE FOWL

The vaccination schedule is a general guide. Each farm and area will require some changes in the schedule. Following table can be used as a general guideline.

Name of Vaccine	Route	Age of birds
La Sota or F vaccine Newcastle	Intranasal drop	3 to 7 days
Marek's vaccine (in Hatchery)	Intramuscular	1 day
Infectious Bronchitis (1st dose)	Eye drops	2 - 3 weeks
La Sota Newcastle	Drinking water	5 - 6 weeks
Fowl Pox (1st dose)	Wing Web	7 - 8 weeks
R2B Newcastle	Sub cut or Intramuscular	9 - 10 weeks
Infectious Bronchitis	Eye drop or drinking water	16 weeks
Fowl Pox (2nd dose)	Skin Scarification	18 weeks
La Sota (if necessary) Newcastle	Drinking Water	20 weeks
La Sota (if necessary) Newcastle	Drinking Water	40 weeks

LAYERS

It is necessary to keep proper records on date of vaccination and on vaccines used including type, brand, serial number, date of purchase and date of use of vaccine.

BROILERS.

Age	Name of Vaccine	Route
3-5th day	Lasota	Intra ocular or intra nasal
7-9th day	Infectious Bronchitis Disease.	Intra Ocular  or Drinking Water
16-18th day	Infectious Bronchitis Disease.	Drinking Water
24-26th day	Lasota (booster)	Drinking Water

Vaccination Program for Broilers a Vaccine Age Route Type Marek's diseaseb 1 day SC Turkey herpesvirus and SB-1 Newcastle disease 1 day or Coarse spray B1 14–21 days Water or coarse spray B1 or LaSota Infectious bronchitis 1 day or Coarse spray Massachusetts 14–21 days Water or coarse spray Massachusetts Infectious bursal disease 14–21 days Water Intermediate a This is an example of a typical vaccination program. Individual programs are highly variable and reflect local conditions, disease prevalence, severity of challenge, and individual preferences. b Most USA commercial broiler hatcheries use an in ovo vaccination system for Marek's disease at 17–19 days of embryonation. Infectious bursal disease vaccine (mild strain) may be combined with Marek's disease vaccines. Connecticut strain often combined with Massachusetts. Bronchitis vaccine is usually combined with Newcastle. Other bronchitis strains such as Arkansas 99 and Florida 88 are included in some areas. Vaccinations at 14–21 days are optional. A single drinking water application for Newcastle disease/bronchitis is common also.

Table 3
Vaccination Program for Broiler Breeders a Age Vaccine Route Type 1 day Marek's disease SC Turkey herpesvirus 6–7 days Tenosynovitis SC Live (Mild) 14–21 days Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water B1/Mass 14–28 days Infectious bursal disease Water Intermediate 4 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water or coarse spray B1/Mass 6–8 wk Tenosynovitis SC Live (Mild) 8–10 wk Infectious bursal disease Water or coarse spray Live 8–10 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water or coarse spray B1 or LaSota/Mass 10–12 wk Encephalomyelitis Wing web Live, chick-embryo origin 10–12 wk Fowlpox Wing web Modified live 10–12 wk Chicken infectious anemia Wing web Modified live 10–12 wk Laryngotracheitis Intraocular Modified live 10–12 wk Tenosynovitis Parenteral Inactivated 10–12 wk Fowl cholera Parenteral or Wing web Inactivated Live CU, PM-1, or M9 12–14 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water or aerosol B1 or LaSota/Mass 14–18 wk Fowl cholera Parenteral or Wing web Inactivated Live CU, PM-1, or M9 16–18 wk Infectious bursal disease Parenteral Inactivated 16–18 wk Tenosynovitis Parenteral Inactivated 16–18 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water or aerosol B1 or LaSota/Mass Every 60–90 days or 18 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Parenteral Inactivated a This is an example of a vaccination program. Individual programs are highly variable and reflect local conditions, disease prevalence, severity of challenge, and individual preferences. SB-1 or MDV301 may be combined with turkey herpesvirus in some areas. Vaccination for fowlpox and laryngotracheitis depends on local requirements. Other strains of infectious bronchitis (Connecticut, Arkansas 99, Florida 88, etc) are included in some areas.

Table 4
Vaccination Program for Commercial Layers a Age Vaccine Route Type 1 day Marek's disease SC Turkey herpesvirus and SB-1 14 –21 days Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water B1/Mass 14–21 days Infectious bursal disease Water Intermediate 5 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water or coarse spray B1/Mass 8–10 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water or coarse spray B1 or LaSota/Mass 10–12 wk Encephalomyelitis Wing web Live, chick-embryo origin 10–12 wk Fowlpox Wing web Modified live 10–12 wk Laryngotracheitis Intraocular Modified live 10–14 wk Mycoplasma gallisepticumb Intraocular or spray Mild live strain or 18 wk Parenteral Inactivated 12–14 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water or aerosol B1 or LaSota/Mass 16–18 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Water or aerosol B1 or LaSota/Mass Every 60–90 days or 18 wk Newcastle/infectious bronchitis Parenteral Inactivated a This is an example of a vaccination program. Individual programs are highly variable and reflect local conditions, disease prevalence, severity of challenge, and individual preferences. b The use of M gallisepticum vaccine is regulated or prohibited in some states. SB-1 or MDV301 may be combined with turkey herpesvirus in some areas. Vaccination for infectious bursal disease, laryngotracheitis, and fowlpox depends on local requirements. Other strains of infectious bronchitis (Connecticut, Arkansas 99, Florida 88, etc) are included in some areas. M gallisepticum and Haemophilus gallinarum (coryza) are used only on infected, multiage premises in some areas.

Table 5
Vaccination Program for Turkeys a Age (wk)b Market Turkeys Breeder Hens Breeder Toms 2–3 NDc B1-B1d or LaSota, DWe or spray ND, B1-B1 or LaSota, DW or spray ND, B1-B1 or LaSota, DW or spray 4 Hemorrhagic enteritis, DW Hemorrhagic enteritis, DW Hemorrhagic enteritis, DW 6 Fowl cholera,f DW (live) or SC (inactivated) Fowl cholera, DW (live) or SC (inactivated) Fowl cholera, DW (live) or SC (inactivated) 9–10 ND, LaSota, DW or spray ND, LaSota, DW or spray ND, LaSota, DW or spray 12 Fowl cholera, DW (live) or SC (inactivated) Fowl cholera, DW (live) or SC (inactivated) Fowl cholera, DW (live) or SC (inactivated) 15 ND, LaSota, DW or spray ND, LaSota, DW or spray ND, LaSota, DW or spray 18 — Fowl cholera, DW (live) or SC (inactivated) Fowl cholera, DW (live) or SC (inactivated) 21 — ND, LaSota, DW or spray ND, LaSota, DW or spray 24 — Fowl cholera, DW (live) or SC (inactivated) Fowl cholera, DW (live) or SC (inactivated) 26 — Erysipelas, DW (live) or SC (inactivated) Pox, WW Erysipelas, DW (live) or SC (inactivated) Pox, WW 28 — ND, SC (inactivated) Fowl cholera, DW (live) or SC (inactivated) Encephalomyelitis, DW ND, SC (inactivated) Fowl cholera, DW (live) or SC (inactivated) Encephalomyelitis, DW a Recommendations are for production areas where the diseases listed are common. In addition, other vaccinations may be advisable if previous experience indicates prevalence of certain diseases in the area. These may include turkey bordetellosis eye drop vaccine at 1 day old and in water or spray at 14 days old, or bacterin; paramyxovirus 3 and influenza A (prevalent hemagglutinin) at 26–28 and 40 wk old; erysipelas—live or killed products might be required for market turkeys, and repeated vaccinations might be required for breeders; and salmonellosis bacterins at 24 and 28 wk old. b Recommended age at vaccination is an approximation. c ND = Newcastle disease d Spray ND vaccines should not be used for birds suffering from respiratory disease; in such cases and at that age, the mild B1-B1 strain vaccine could be used in water. Timing of vaccination depends on maternal antibody levels. e DW = drinking water; WW = wing web stab f Live fowl cholera vaccines should be used only in healthy flocks.

Table 6
Vaccination Program for Duck Breeders Age Vaccine Route Type 1 day old Riemerella anatipestifer Aerosol Live vaccinea 10–14 days R anatipestifer Drinking water Live vaccinea 3 wk R anatipestifer SC Bacterinb 4 wk Duck viral hepatitis SC Live vaccinec (Type 1) 4 wk Duck viral enteritis SC Live vaccinec 10 and 20 wkd R anatipestifer SC Bacterinb 10 and 20 wk Duck viral hepatitis SC Killed virus vaccine (Type 1) a A live, avirulent vaccine consisting of the 3 major serotypes (1, 2 and 5) of R anatipestifer b A formalin-inactivated cell suspension of the 3 major serotypes (1, 2, and 5) of R anatipestifer. Bacterins and killed virus vaccines are administered SC in the neck. c A modified live virus vaccine of chick embryo origin. d White Pekin breeder ducks normally start egg production at 24 wk of age. Egg production can be accelerated or delayed and breeder vaccination should be completed before the onset of egg production to optimize the passage of parental immunity to the progeny.

Table 7
Vaccination Program for Commercial Ducklings Age Vaccine Route Type 1 day old Riemerella anatipestifer Aerosol Live vaccinea 10–14 days R anatipestifer Drinking water Live vaccinea 3 wk R anatipestifer SC Bacterinb a A live, avirulent vaccine consisting of the 3 major serotypes (1, 2, and 5) of R anatipestifer a A live, avirulent vaccine consisting of the 3 major serotypes (1, 2, and 5) of R anatipestifer b A formalin-inactivated cell suspension of the 3 major serotypes (1, 2, and 5) of R anatipestifer is recommended for preventive immunization on farms where the disease is endemic or epidemic. An E coli bacterin can also be used where field challenge warrants. Ducklings should not be vaccinated within 21 days of slaughter.